A man known as 'Duesseldorf patient' became the third person to be declared cured of HIV and leukemia for receiving a stem cell transplant. Details about Duesseldorf's recovery, whose name has not yet been officially released--were relayed through a scientific case study published in the journal Nature Medicine.
A patient referred to as a 'Düsseldorf patient' became the third person to successfully recover from HIV and leukemia. This happens after the patient has received a stem cell or spinal cord transplant.
The patient was a 53-year-old man who was diagnosed positive for HIV type 1 (HIV-1) in 2008. About three years later, the patient, whose identity has not been revealed, was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia or blood cancer.
In 2013, 'Düsseldorf patients' received stem cell transplants. It is known that stem cell donors have a rare mutation in the CCR5 gene, which provides resistance to certain types of HIV, such as HIV-1.
Quoted from DW News Tuesday (21/2/2023), "Duesseldorf then stopped his antiretroviral therapy in 2018. Antiretrovirals are a common treatment used by HIV/AIDS patients. Four years later, testing results found no more traces of HIV in his body. "The genetic material of the HIV virus is largely undetectable, except for sporadic traces detected on some blood and lymph tissue samples.
The French virologist and pasteur institute revealed "that this case of recovery of HIV and leukemia patients provides new knowledge, which is expected to be useful in the future." This is an extraordinary situation, when all the coincidental factors for this transplant are capable of being the right remedy for leukemia and HIV."
"I am proud of the team of doctors around the world who successfully cured me of HIV and leukemia," Duesseldorf said in a statement.
Nevertheless, the spinal cord transplantation process performed in cases of HIV and leukemia this time is a severe and risky procedure. This procedure is only suitable for a small percentage of patients who have HIV and leukemia.
Finding the right donor stem cells is also not an easy matter. "The patient's immune cells are completely replaced by donor cells. This allows most infected cells to disappear from the body," Saez-Cirion said.
For another example, A person with leukemia in the U.S. became the first woman to be cured of HIV infection. He underwent stem cell therapy taken from residual cord blood. This method makes it easier for patients to find donors.
The case of a middle-aged woman with mixed ethnicity from New York was presented at the Opportunistic Retrovirus and Infection Conference in Denver, United States, Tuesday (15/2/2022).
In his therapy, the scientist used the method of transplanting stem cells from the rest of the cord blood belonging to a donor who is naturally immune from the human immunodeficiency virus or HIV. It is used to treat acute myeloid leukemia or cancer that grows inside blood-making cells in the spinal cord.
Stem cells from cord blood are known to be easier to obtain than adult stem cells. Especially in the case of spinal cord transplantation, stem cells from cord blood do not have to be completely uniform with donor recipients, in contrast to spinal cord cells, the New York Times reported.
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